Structs
Lesson 21Author : Afrixi
Last Updated : January, 2023
In C, a struct is a user-defined composite data type that groups together variables of different data types under a single name. It allows you to define a group of related variables that can be accessed and manipulated as a single unit. A struct can be thought of as a container that holds related data.
The syntax for defining a struct is as follows:
struct struct_name {
data_type member1;
data_type member2;
// ...
};
Here, struct_name
is the name of the struct, and member1
, member2
, etc. are the names of the members of the struct, which can be of any data type.
To access the members of a struct, you use the dot operator (.
) with the name of the struct variable and the name of the member. For example:
struct person {
char name[50];
int age;
};
int main() {
struct person p1;
strcpy(p1.name, "John");
p1.age = 30;
printf("Name: %s\n", p1.name);
printf("Age: %d\n", p1.age);
return 0;
}
In this example, we define a person
struct with two members: a character array name
to store the person’s name, and an integer age
to store their age. We then create a variable p1
of type person
and set its name
and age
members using the dot operator. Finally, we print out the values of p1
’s name
and age
members using printf
.
Structs can be useful for organizing related data and passing it around as a single unit in your program. They can also be used to create more complex data structures, such as linked lists and trees.